Commerce ("Seleucus I") Hoard, 2005 (CH 10.265) more

Articles COMMERCE (“SELEUCUS I”) HOARD, 2005 (CH 10.265) B. R. NelsoN Plates 1–5 introduction In mid- to late- 2005, several groups of coins appeared on the European and American coin markets.1 Although they appeared separately through various dealers, it was clear from their composition that the groups all derived from the same source, obviously a recently discovered hoard. The total number of coins in the hoard is unknown, but it may have involved as many as three thousand pieces. A full accounting of the hoard has, unfortunately, not been possible. Thanks in part to the generous cooperation of a number of dealers and collectors over half of the hoard has been documented to some degree. The hoard was composed of silver tetradrachms and drachms from a wide variety of mints, ranging from Greece in the west to Media and Susiana in the east. All but a handful were Hellenistic royal types. The most numerous were issues of Demetrius Poliorcetes, of which there were thought to have been at least a thousand, mostly very worn. Except for the few better examples that have appeared on the market, none of these were seen, and were not otherwise recorded. The next largest portion of the hoard involved coins of Alexander-type, a significant quantity of which were issues of the Seleucid kingdom. Along with these Alexander type Seleucids was a quantity of Athena-in-chariot types, as well as a handful of Nike-trophy issues. The final type present in large quantity was that of Lysimachus, all lifetime issues of the Thracian king. Nearly all of these coins were in good condition. Although these royal issues comprised almost the entirety of the hoard, there were two civic types also present: additional parcels included a Boeotian federal tetradrachm and five Athenian tetradrachms. commentAry Non-Seleucid Coins Macedon Issues from the various Macedonian mints were present for all time periods represented in the hoard. Most significant were the issues from the primary Macedonian mint (‘Amphipolis’). The lifetime and early posthumous issues of Alexander from this mint have been arranged according to Troxell’s study. The hoard contained a diverse variety of the earliest issues, and, surprisingly, many were in very good condition. The quantity of ‘Amphipolis’ mint coins was particularly high for those issues correlating to the First and Second Diadoch Wars (322–320 and 319–315 BC), as well as when Demetrius Poliorcetes held Macedon. Pella is also well represented by issues from these periods, while issues of the mint identified as Uranopolis are prevalent for the time of Demetrius. Other Macedonian issues were also present in the hoard, but are quite insignificant in quantity and variety. I wish to thank Arthur Houghton for his assistance in collecting and compiling the data for this hoard study, as well as his encouragement. Appreciation is also due to Catharine Lorber, who was quick to respond to various inquiries regarding the Bablyonian mints, and Andrew McIntyre, whose review revealed a few necessary corrections as well as additional information on some of the issues lacking mint attributions. 1 73 NelsoN Among the individual issues, one of Demetrius Poliorcetes with the standing Poseidon reverse type (Nos. 233–240) is especially notable. On these four coins there is a K inscribed on the rock upon which Poseidon props his foot. These coins are all reverse die linked to nos. 225–237, but, interestingly, none of the coins Newell inventoried had the K present. As the rock is usually a high point on the reverse, it is possible that Newell’s specimens all had the K worn off, but this is not certain. The K may also have been added to the dies at some point after they had already been used. With respect to the Macedonian mints, there is a significant omission from the hoard. It is known that during the same period that posthumous Alexanders were produced at the primary mint (‘Amphipolis’), the mint was also producing posthumous Philip II type coins.2 The output of both was large, and it is notable that no posthumous Philips were found in the hoard. It is possible that the absence of even a single example is a result of the fact that that we do not have a full picture of the hoard, but more likely it is evidence of the hoard’s eastern origin. Thessaly and Greece The hoard was particularly strong in posthumous Alexanders attributed to those mints that struck for Demetrius Poliorcetes during his time in Greece. Of these, Corinth was among the best represented in the hoard, with 97 specimens (Nos. 297–394), nearly all of which were in exceptionally high grade, suggesting they were all struck within a short time frame. Price had dated these Corinthian issues to a broad period, c. 310–290 BC, with the initial date contingent upon the deposit date of the Chiliomodi hoard (IGCH 85).3 However, more recent research has downdated the hoard’s deposit to 304/3 BC.4 Thus, the totality of the earlier Corinthian Alexanders must belong to the period when Demetrius held Corinth. This supports Troxell’s assertion that they were struck c. 290–288 BC in preparation for Demetrius’ invasion of Asia Minor.5 Notable were 57 coins attributed to an uncertain mint in Greece or Macedonia (Nos. 402–459), which were all very well preserved. Price dated these issues to c. 310–275 BC, but the condition and composition of this group closely resembles the other coins from the hoard that were struck for Demetrius in Greece and Macedonia. This suggests that they may belong to the same period, and perhaps should be assigned to one of Demetrius’ known mints. In fact, the style and character of some of these issues, particularly nos. 405–427, are similar to those of the Corinthian issues. The same may be said of the two Alexander type coins of Sicyon found in the hoard (Nos. 395–396). Both were very fresh, and their style closely matches the contemporary issues of Corinth, supporting Price’s association of this mint with Demetrius’ refounding of the city.6 Also, the three coins from an uncertain Peloponnesian mint (Nos. 399–401), all well preserved and of similar style to the Corinthian coins, probably belong to this period of minting, somewhat earlier than Price’s dates of c. 280–250 BC. Dates of c. 300–280 BC seem appropriate for these coins. Asia Minor Many issues from Asia Minor were present, particularly for the period c. 325–281 BC. Unlike the issues of Macedonia, Greece, and the East, which included many well-preserved examples, most of the Asia Minor coins were worn. Fewer issues of Lysimachus type were present in the Price, p. 87; Troxell (1991), pp. 49–72. Price, p. 156. 4 Lorber (2005), pp. 54 and 56. 5 Troxell (1971), p. 50. 6 Price p. 159. See also Troxell (1971), p. 51. 2 3 74 Seleucus I Hoard hoard than the Alexandrine and Demetrius Poliorcetes types, but, among the well-preserved Asia Minor specimens, his were the most numerous. Since the time of Price’s study, the inception date of the Alexandrine coinage at most of the Asia Minor mints has been downdated to c. 325 BC or later.7 A lower date for these mints is certainly justified, and 325 BC has been adopted here, although this hoard offers no new evidence for chronological discussion. Although the mints of western Asia Minor were active throughout the time frame covered by the hoard, robust activity took place in two periods. The first roughly corresponds to c. 325–317 BC, and likely consists of issues struck for the veterans returning from the east as well as reflecting the military activity during the First Diadoch War (322–320 BC). At least ten mints are represented in this period. The second spike in activity corresponds to the time of the Second through the Fourth Diadoch Wars (319–305 BC). All but two of the mints are known to have struck for Antigonus Monophthalmus, and reflect not only the wealth he enjoyed, but also his general control over the mints in Asia Minor. Regarding individual mints, R. Ashton recently noted that the early issues of Miletus, dated c. 325–319 BC, may actually belong to Caunus.8 The hoard does not offer evidence either way, so the attribution to Miletus has been retained. Price dates the six coins from Mytilene (Nos. 628–633) to c. 275 BC. None of the six were in exceptional condition, suggesting they were not among the latest in the hoard. As all of the other hoard coins were struck before c. 281 BC, unless these coins of Mytilene were intrusions, they should have their issue dates adjusted upward well before that time. Rather than an issue following the death of Lysimachus (per Price), these coins probably were a small issue just prior to the issues in his name, and are here dated to c. 300 BC. The single coin attributed to Chios (No. 737) has a style that does not conform with the known sphinx drachm series that Price dates to c. 270–220 BC. Nonetheless, the treatment of the sphinx combined with the overall style that is certainly indicative of western Asia Minor, suggests that the coin is probably from Chios, but from an earlier emission. The state of wear of the piece indicates that it had been in circulation for some time before the closing of the hoard. It is possible that it may be from a heretofore unknown drachm issue that was contemporary with Price 2327–2330, four tetradrachm issues with sphinx symbol dated to c. 290–275 BC. Among the issues given to uncertain mints in western Asia Minor, nos. 396–399 have a close stylistic affinity to Price 1697. Price had attributed the latter to Mytilene based on the appearance of the chelys, which was the mint symbol on Mytilene’s issues of the late third–early second century BC. If Price 1697 is connected to the hoard coins, which appears likely, his attribution would be doubtful, as the symbols on these other issues are given the same prominence on the coins. It would also argue for a slightly earlier date for the chelys issue, which Price placed in c. 275 BC. One issue represented deserves special note. Price 835 is a tetradrachm issue that Price assigned to an uncertain mint in Greece or Macedonia. In their commentary on the Meydancikkale hoard, Davesne and Le Rider placed the same issue at an uncertain mint in Asia Minor.9 This type is represented by a single example in this hoard (No. 1007), which was struck from the same obverse die as the Meydancikkale specimens. This coin also shares the same obverse die with no. 1009 in the present hoard, an exceptional Alexander-type tetradrachm struck in the name of Demetrius Poliorcetes. Newell placed the latter coin in at an uncertain mint in the East. It is unknown why Price attributed the coin to Greece or Macedonia, but it certainly must be from an early mint of Demetrius in Asia Minor or perhaps Cyprus. Hersh (1998a) and Troxell (1995), Le Rider (1998), pp. 49–57; Le Rider (2003), pp. 129–132. Ashton (2004), pp. 33–46. 9 Davesne and Le Rider (1989), p. 84, nos. 1812–1813. Both examples are from the same obverse die as the coin in the present hoard. 7 8 75 NelsoN Cyprus and the Levant The pre-Seleucid coinages of the mints in this region were well represented in the hoard. Most of the issues date from the late lifetime of Alexander through the time of the first Diadoch War, after which many of these mints were closed. Ake is well represented into the last decade of the fourth century, while Tyre is only represented from the first decade of the third century BC. All of these were worn, like the Asia Minor coins in the hoard. The East and Egypt Coinage from the pre-Seleucid mints in the East and Egypt is rather sparse, save for the Babylon mint, which is very well represented with issues from all periods. The issues from Babylon had both exceptionally well and poorly preserved coins in the hoard, with a relatively even distribution of above and below average specimens. Most of the coinage from the other eastern mints shows evidence of wear. Seleucid Coins Arguably the most significant part of the hoard was the Seleucid portion, which not only added a wealth of issues to the known coinage of Seleucus I, but also clarified much of our knowledge of his mints. The findings from this hoard have been incorporated into the two addenda to Seleucid Coins, Part I. Details regarding the Seleucid part of this hoard are available in these publications, as are photographs of the new issues. Conclusions The Seleucus I Hoard, although not seen in its entirety, offers substantial new material, particularly to the corpus of Seleucid coinage. In addition, it increases our understanding of various nuances of the Alexander-type coinage, building upon the foundation of Price and his successors. Determining the date, location, and circumstances of the hoard’s deposit is problematic. Most significant is that there are groups of exceptionally high grade examples from all periods and mints represented. On the surface, this suggests that the hoard may have been a savings hoard, with portions deposited at various intervals. However, the time span represented argues against such a simple determination, as does the absence of more civic coinage. Practically all of the issues date to the time of Alexander and the Diadochs, and there are well-preserved examples from all of the competing Diadochs at similar periods of issue. While this suggests that the deposit may have been made by an entity dealing with each kingdom simultaneously, it is unlikely. What is more reasonable to posit is that the hoard was a compilation of various savings of coinage from multiple sources. With the exception of the six civic coins, the hoard is almost exclusively composed of four groups of royal coinages: those of Alexander III’s lifetime, the Antigonids, the Seleucids, and Lysimachus.10 Of these, the latest dateable coins are those of the Seleucids and Lysimachus.11 Between these two, the latest Seleucid issues are far more numerous in pristine condition, particularly from The few issues that may be Ptolemaic, of which only the four Memphis coins are certain, are relatively insignificant. 11 The Ptolemaic and issues struck by local client kings were insignificant. Nos. 152–3, 244, and 285, all which Price dated to after 281 BC, must either be intrusions or have their beginning dates of issue adjusted upward. See above, p. 74. 10 76 Seleucus I Hoard mints in Western Asia Minor. The issues from these Seleucid mints, such as Sardes, date to the period just prior to the battle of Corupedium in 281 BC.12 A date of deposit c. 281 BC is corroborated by other aspects of the hoard. Save for the issues from an uncertain mint in Greece or Macedonia, which Price broadly dates to c. 310–275 BC, there are no issues from any mint after this date. Also, a number of prominent cities, such as Lysimacheia, Cius, Parium, and Mytilene, continued to issue Lysimachus type coins in the period immediately following that king’s death.13 The fact that none of these issues are present in the hoard comports with a date of deposit around 281 BC. Further, the latest of the civic coins in the hoard, the two Quadridigité-type Athenian tetradrachms, both of which were in exceptional condition, are datable to this period. Although there can be no certainty, the political and military situation in western Asia Minor, in c. 281 BC affords a possible scenario for the accumulation and deposit of the hoard. In 287 BC, Demetrius Poliorcetes returned to Asia Minor in an attempt to recover his lost territories there. In preparation for this event a number of mints in Greece and Macedonia under Demetrius produced large quantities of coinage, particularly ‘Amphipolis’, Pella, and Corinth.14 Within the hoard, the coinages of these mints attributable to the period just prior to 287 BC is substantial—169 coins (10% of the hoard)—and most were very well preserved. As noted in the introduction, most of the hoard coins of Demetrius were not seen. However, it has been reported that they were almost all of the earlier, Nike/Poseidon type. Thus, the largest quantity of coins of Demetrius in a high state of preservation were his issues struck in preparation for his Asian campaign in 287 BC. Demetrius’ attempt to regain his possessions in Asia Minor ultimately failed, and he was forced to surrender to Seleucus I. Much of Demetrius’ army joined ranks with the Seleucids and presumably much of the Antigonid treasury went with it. After the cessation of these hostilities, Seleucus remained in the vicinity of Cilicia and Northern Syria, and obviously the treasury he maintained during the campaign would have remained with him. In addition to Seleucid coinage, the war-chest of Seleucus now included issues of Demetrius and his Alexander-type mints. Shortly thereafter, in 282 BC, antagonism between Seleucus and Lysimachus came to a head. Seleucus moved his army across Asia Minor, capturing many of Lysimachus’ cities, including Sardes, where some of his last Seleucid issues were struck. During this campaign, and following Lysimachus’ defeat at Corupedium, large quantities of Lysimachus’ coinage certainly would have been added to Seleucus’ treasury.15 Thus, in c. 281 BC, his treasury would have included a significant number of issues of Demetrius and Lysimachus, as well as his own coins. Does this hoard represent part of this treasury? The hoard is particularly rich in issues of the Macedonian mints struck from the time of Antipater through Cassander. As noted above, numerous examples of these were well preserved, suggesting they had been pulled out of circulation quite early. Nevertheless, these issues could have been part of any of the three kings’ treasuries. The same can be said of issues from the other mints, most of which date from the period of the First Diadoch War. If the hoard represents part of this treasury, the events of c. 281 BC offer possible explanations for its burial. After Seleucus was murdered by Ptolemy Ceraunus, much of Seleucus’ army SC I, vol. 1, pp. 15–17 with Ad45. Mørkholm (1991), p. 145. 14 See the commentary on refining he date of the Corinth mint issues, p. 75, above. 15 Hammond and Walbank (1988), pp. 240–241. Philetaerus of Pergamum had offered Seleucus the 9,000 talents that Lysimachus had deposited there in the hope of enticing him to march against the Thracian king. Also, Seleucus certainly had taken possession of the treasure upon the capture of Sardes. 12 13 77 NelsoN defected to his killer.16 At this point, the disposition of the treasury would have been uncertain. It could have gone to Ceraunus en masse, but if its keepers were more sympathetic to the Seleucids, they could have buried at least part of it in order to save it for whatever Seleucid authority would come to address the situation. As an alternative, in the tumultuous aftermath of Seleucus’ assassination some part of the treasury might have been stolen. It is also possible that part of the treasury was deposited when Ceraunus’ army faced the Gauls in 279 BC. Without the certainty of knowing the findspot, or whether there were significant numbers of coins that could offer alternative views, the interpretation of the hoard as a portion of the Seleucid treasury seems best for explaining a composition including royal issues, from these particular opposing factions, with high grade examples from all periods. cAtAlogue The catalogue has been divided into two sections, with the royal types preceding the civic. Both sections have been arranged in an east-west and north-south geographic order, which should be more suitable for future study. As such, the references will not necessarily appear in numeric order. All coins have been assigned to the primary reference(s) respective to their type. Except in cases where more recent scholarship has proven otherwise, the mints and dates assigned to each follow these references. Unpublished examples and varieties are described in detail, in conformity with their respective reference. All coins are tetradrachms unless otherwise noted. Asterisks denote illustrated specimens. royAl types mAcedon (‘Amphipolis’) (173) Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ALEXANDRoU on r., BASILEWS in ex. (if any), Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1–3. 4. 5. 6–8. 9–10. 11. 12–13. 14–18. 19–20. 21. 22. 23–25. 26–27. 28–29. 30–37. 38. 39. 40. 41–51. 16 c. 332–326 c. 332–326 c. 332–326 c. 332–326 c. 332–326 c. 332–326 c. 325–323/2 c. 325–323/2 c. 325–323/2 c. 325–323/2 c. 325–323/2 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 Price 4; Troxell (1997), A1. Price 6; Troxell (1997), A3. Price 13; Troxell (1997), B2. Price 14; Troxell (1997), B3. Price 44; Troxell (1997), C5. Price 59; Troxell (1997), D4. Price 78; Troxell (1997), E2. Price 79; Troxell (1997), E3. Price 83; Troxell (1997), E4. Price 99; Troxell (1997), E9. Price 104; Troxell (1997), F3. Price 109; Troxell (1997), G2. Price 110; Troxell (1997), G3. Price 111; Troxell (1997), H1. Price 112; Troxell (1997), H2. Price 113; Troxell (1997) H3. Price 118 corr.; Troxell (1997), I1. Price 119; Troxell (1997), I1. Price 120; Troxell (1997), I2. Grainger (1990), pp. 189–91. At this point, Seleucus’ army was primarily composed of ex–Lysimachid troops, not the Seleucids of Syria and further east, who were mostly dismissed home following Corupedium. These Lysimachid troops were war–weary and not favorable to Seleucus’ ambitions in Macedon. Hammond and Walbank (1988), p. 244), also note that these troops would have seen Ptolemy as Lysimachus’ avenger. 78 Seleucus I Hoard 52. 53–57. 58–63. 64–65. 66–67. 68–80. 81. 82–84. 85–90. 91. 92. 93. 94–96. 97. 98. 99. 100–103. 104–105. 106–107. 108–110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117–118. 119–123. 124. 125. 126–127. 128–129. 130. 131–132. 133. c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 322–317 c. 316–314 c. 316–314 c. 316–314 c. 316–314 c. 316–314 c. 316–314 c. 316–314 c. 314–310 c. 314–310 c. 314–310 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 310–294 c. 294–290 c. 294–290 c. 294–290 c. 294–290 Price 117; Troxell (1997), J3. Price 122; Troxell (1997), J4. Price 124; Troxell (1997), J6. Price 424A; Troxell (1997), K6. Price 126; Troxell (1997), L1. Price 129; Troxell (1997), L3. Price 131; Troxell (1997), L5. Price 132; Troxell (1997), L6. Price 133; Troxell (1997), L7. Price 136; Troxell (1997), L8. Price 139; Troxell (1997), L10. Price 430. Price 432. Price 440. Price 443. Price 446. Price 447. Price 455. Price 460. Price 462. Price 463. Price 465. Price 468. Price 474. Price 475. Price 479. Price 481. Price 485. Price 489. Price 490. Price 491. Price 500. Price 501. Price 502. Price 507. DemetRius PolioRcetes Nike standing l. on prow, holding trumpet and stylis / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS below, Poseidon advancing l., brandishing trident. 134. 135.* 136–138. c. 294–293 c. 293–292 c. 293–292 Newell (1927), 94. tRiPoD in l. field; D above Q in r. field. Cf. Newell (1927), 95–6 (obv. die LXXXV). Newell (1927), 97. Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon seated l. on rock, holding aphlaston and trident. 139. 140–142. 143–144. 145. 146. 147–152. 153. 154–155. 156–169. c. 292–291 c. 292–291 c. 292–291 c. 291–290 c. 290–289 c. 290–289 c. 289–288 c. 289–288 c. 289–288 Newell (1927), 99. Newell (1927), 100. Newell (1927), 106. Newell (1927), 110. Newell (1927), 115. Newell (1927), 116. Newell (1927), 120. Newell (1927), 123. Newell (1927), 124. 79 NelsoN lysimachus Diademed head of Alexander the Great r., wearing horn of Ammon / BASILEWS on r., LUSI ACoU on l., Poseidon advancing l., brandishing trident. 170–171. 172–173. c. 288/7–282/1 c. 288/7–282/1 Thompson (1963), 192. Thompson (1963), 195. uncertAin mint (Amphipolis?) (1) Alexander types 174. AegAe (?) (1) Alexander types 175. pellA (77) Alexander types 176. 177–178. 179–180. 181–182. 183. 184–185. 186–188. 189–195. 196–197. 198–199. 200–202. 203–204. c. 323–315 c. 323–315 c. 323–315 c. 323–315 c. 323–315 c. 323–315 c. 323–315 c. 315–310 c. 315–310 c. 315–310 c. 315–310 c. 315–310 Price 205. Price 206. Price 216. Price 217. Price 222. Price 232. Price 241. Price 249. Price 252. Price 255. Price 259. Price 261. 332–323 Price 195. Uncertain date SC Ad54A. DemetRius PolioRcetes Nike standing l. on prow, holding trumpet and stylis / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS below, Poseidon advancing l., brandishing trident. 205.* 206–207. 208.–210. 211.* c. 294–293 c. 293–292 c. 293–292 c. 293–292 O in l. field; laBRys. in r. field. Newell (1927), 66 (dies LVII/104) corr.17 Newell (1927), 67. Newell (1927), 68. P in l. field; a in r. field. Newell (1927), 72 var. (obv. die LXI). Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon seated l. on rock, holding aphlaston and trident. 212–214. 215. c. 292–291 c. 292–291 Newell (1927), 75. Newell (1927), 76. Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon standing l., one foot on rock, holding trident. 216. 217–219. 220. 221–224. 225–237. 17 c. 291–290 c. 291–290 c. 291–290 c. 291–290 c. 289–288 Newell (1927), 79. Newell (1927), 82. Newell (1927), 84. Newell (1927), 86. Newell (1927), 89. The Copenhagen specimen, the sole example Newell lists for his type 66, was so poorly preserved that the control marks were misread. This example is from the same dies. 80 Seleucus I Hoard 238–240.* 241–251. 252. 253. urAnopolis (14) Alexander types 254–255. 256–257.* 258–259. 260. 261. 262–265. 266–267. c. 300–290 c. 300–290 c. 300–290 c. 300–290 c. 300–290 c. 300–290 c. 300–290 Price 509. No royal title; staR oN coNe above + in l. field; wReath under throne. Price 509 var.18 Price 513. Price 514. Price 519. Price 520. Price 521. c. 289–288 c. 289–288 c. 289–288 c. 289–288 K on rock; - in l. field. Newell (1927), 89 var. Newell (1927), 90. Newell (1927), 91. Newell (1927), 92. lAter mAcedoniAn mint (pellA?) (2) Alexander types 268. 269. c. 285–275 c. 285–275 Drachm. Price 564A Price 568 Uncertain Macedonian Mint (2) DemetRius PolioRcetes Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon seated l. on rock, holding aphlaston and trident. 270. c. 290 Newell (1927) 137. Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon standing l., one foot on rock, holding trident. 271. c. 289–288 Newell (1927) 138. pAeoniAn mint (Astibus or dAmAstion) (6) Alexander types 272. 273–274. 275. 276. 277.* demetriAs (3) DemetRius PolioRcetes Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon standing l., one foot on rock, holding trident. 278. 279.* 280.* 18 c. 300–286 c. 300–286 c. 300–286 c. 300–286 c. 300–286 Price 644. Price 645. Price 646. Price 649. No royal title; faciNg BucRaNium above C in l. field. Price pl. xxxvi, 651 (same obv. die). c. 290/89–287 c. 290/89–287 c. 290/89–287 Newell (1927), 144. No control marks. Cf. Newell (1927), 144 (for obv. style). No control marks. Cf. Newell (1927), 144 (obv. die CXLIV). Price 509 erroneously includes this variety, which was present in the Meydancikkale hoard (376), and the Thessaly 1979 hoard (CH 2, 24, fig. 4, 6). 81 NelsoN thebes (6) DemetRius PolioRcetes Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon standing l., one foot on rock, holding trident. 281–284. 285–286. chAlkis (10) DemetRius PolioRcetes Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon standing l., one foot on rock, holding trident. 287–288. 289–292. 293–294.* 295. 296.* corr.19 corinth (97) Alexander types 297. 298–299. 300–301. 302. 303–304. 305–307. 308–313. 314.* 315–316. 317.* 318.* 319–326. 327–328. 329.* 330. 331–332. 333–334. 335–336. 337–338. 339–374. 375–380.* 381–382. 383–388. 389–390. 19 c. 290 c. 290 Newell (1927), 141. Q in inner r. field; cf. Newell (1927), 142 (hemidrachm with same control). c. 290–287 c. 290–287 c. 290–287 c. 290–287 c. 290–287 Newell (1927), 149. Newell (1927), 150. D in outer l. field. Cf. Newell (1927) 150–1 (obv. die CLVII). Newell (1927), 151. Star in outer l. field; D in outer r. field. Newell (1927), 152 (dies CLVIII/304) c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 Price 668. Price 673. Price 675. Price 676. Price 677. Price 678. Price 679. No royal title; Nike PRePaRiNg to sacRifice goat she holDs By the hoRN in l. field; DE under throne. Cf. Price pl. XXXVII, 679a (same obv. die). Price 681. No royal title; no Nikai on throne back; aPhlastoN in l. field; No under throne. Price 681 var. With royal title; no Nikai on throne back; aPhlastoN in l. field; No under throne. Price 681 var. Price 682. Price 686. With royal title; no Nikai on throne back; aPhlastoN in l. field; DE under throne. Price 686 var. Price 687. Price 687A. Price 688. Price 689. Price 690. Price 691. With royal title; no Nikai on throne back; coRNucoPia in l. field; No under throne. Price 691 var. Price 692. Price 694. Price 695. Newell listed only a single example for these dies, a coin in the Hunterian Museum. Because it was struck off center on the reverse, he mistakenly assumed it had the same monogram to the outer right of the reverse as the other coins he grouped under his type 152. The present example, from the same dies, proves this was incorrect. 82 Seleucus I Hoard 391.* 392–394. sicyon (4) Alexander types 395–396. c. 300–290 Price 708. c. 304/3–290 c. 304/3–290 With royal title; Nikai on throne back; statue of atheNa faciNg with shielD aND sPeaR in l. field; oLU iN wReath under throne. Price 694 var.; Noe (1950), 37a-b (same obv. die). Price 696. DemetRius PolioRcetes Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon standing l., one foot on rock, holding trident. 397–398. c. 291–290 Newell (1927), 159. uncertAin peloponnesiAn mint (3) Alexander types 399. 400–401. c. 300–280 c. 300–280 Price 760A. Price 763. uncertAin greek or mAcedoniAn mint (57) Alexander types 402. 403. 404. 405. 406–408. 409–411. 412–419. 420–421. 422–427. 428–430.* 431–432.* 433–434.* 435–440. 441–448. 449–453. 454. 455–456. 456. 458.* 459. sestus (2) Lysimachus types 460–461. c. 297/6–282/1 Thompson (1963), 29. c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 c. 310–275 Price 822. Price 837. Price 846. Price 848. Price 849. Price 853. Price 856. Price 857. Price 858. No royal title; with throne back; aPhlastoN left in l. field. Price 861a var. 20 No royal title; with throne back; aPhlastoN Right in l field. Price 861b. No royal title; no throne back; aPhlastoN Right in l. field. Price 861b var. Drachm. Price 862. Drachm. Price 862A. Price 863. Drachm. Price 864. Price 866. Price 872. No royal title; toRch above DI in l. field; ◊ under throne. Price 876–7 var. Price 877. Price 861 encompasses two varieties, both of which are illustrated in his plates: a) aphlaston facing left, throne without back and b) aphlaston facing right, throne with back. The style of the two are considerably different, suggesting they are from different issues, and possibly different mints. 20 83 NelsoN lysimAcheiA (1) lysimachus Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., LUSI ACoU below, Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 462. lAmpsAcus (96) Alexander types 463. 464–465. 466–469. 470–471. 472. 473. 474–479. 480. 481. 482–484. 485–489. 500–505. 506–509. 510. 511. 512–517. 518. 519–520. 521. 522–527. 528–529. 530. 531–532. 533–535. 536. 537–542. 543. 544–547. 548. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoUon r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 549–552. 553. lysimachus Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., LUSI ACoU below, Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 554–555. c. 299/8–297/6 Drachms. Thompson (1963), 35; Price L11 323–317 323–317 Drachms. Price P15. Drachm. Price P16. c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 323–317 323–317 323–317 323–317 323–317 323–317 323–317 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 310–301 301–296 Drachm. Price 1354. Price 1355. Drachms. Price 1356. Drachms. Price 1362. Drachm. Price 1363. Drachm. Price 1364. Drachms. Price 1375. Drachm. Price 1376. Drachm. Price 1379A. Drachms. Price 1380. Drachms. Price 1382. Drachms. Price 1385. Drachms. Price 1387. Drachm. Price 1389. Price 1397. Drachms. Price 1398. Drachm. Price 1401. Price 1404. Price 1405. Drachms. Price 1406. Drachms. Price 1406A corr. (drachm, not stater). Drachm. Price 1408. Drachms. Price 1412. Drachms. Price 1413. Drachm. No royal title;  in l. field; B under throne. Price 1413 var. Drachms. Price 1417. Drachm. Price 1423. Drachms. Price 1427. Drachm. Price 1440. c. 299/8–297/6 Thompson (1963), 7; Price L2. Lysimachus types 556. 557. c. 297/6–282/1 c. 297/6–282/1 Thompson (1963), 45. Thompson (1963), 47. 84 Seleucus I Hoard 558. 559. Abydus (65) Alexander types 560–561. 562. 563. 564.* 565. 566–569. 570. 571–574. 575–576. 577. 578–582. 583. 584.* 585. 586. 587–591. 592–593. 594–605. 606. 607. 608–614. 615–617. 618. 619. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 620. 621. 622. lysimachus Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., LUSI ACoU below, Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 623. 624. Lysimachus type 625. c. 297/6–282/1 Thompson 75. c. 299/8–297/6 c. 299/8–297/6 Drachm. Thompson (1963), 67; Price L19. Drachm. Thompson (1963), 68; Price L20. 323–317 323–317 323–317 Drachm. Price P20. Drachm. Price P26. Drachm. Price P27A. c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 Drachms. Price 1503. Drachm. Price 1505. Drachm. Price 1506. Drachm. No royal title; Palm-tRee in l. field;  under throne. Price 1508 var. Drachm. Price 1509. Drachm. Price 1527. Drachm. No royal title;  in l. field. Price 1527 var. Drachm. Price 1528. Drachm. Price 1530. Drachm. Price 1531. Drachms. Price 1534. Price 1537. No royal title; 9 above caDuceus in l. field; g under throne Price 1537 var.; Thompson (1991), 270b var. (same obv. die). Drachm. Price 1538. Drachm. Price 1545. Drachms. Price 1551. Drachms. Price 1554. Drachms. Price 1560. Drachm. Price 1564. Drachm. Price 1565. Drachms. Price 1575. Drachms. Price 1578. Drachm. Price 1584. Drachm. Price 1586. c. 297/6–282/1 c. 297/6–282/1 Thompson (1963), 56. Thompson (1963), 61 var.; SNG France 2545. AlexAndreiA troAs (2) lysimachus Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., LUSI ACoU below, Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 626.* c. 299/8–297/6 Drachm. Thompson (1963) —; Meadows (2004), 1; Mouchmov (1927), 102 (same rev. die). 85 NelsoN Lysimachus type 627. mytilene (6) Alexander types 628–633. sArdes (103) Alexander types 634. 635–636. 637. 638. 639. 640. 641–642. 643. 644. 645. 646. 647. 648–663. 664–665.* 666. 667–673. 674–678. 679–681. 682.* 683. 684–685. 686. 687. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 688–689. 690. 691. 692. 693. 694–695. 696. 697. 698. c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 Drachms. Price P66. Drachm. Price P68. Drachm. Price P76. Drachm. Price P78. Drachm. Price P82. Drachms. Price P94. Drachm. Price P97. Drachm. Price P99. Drachm. Price P104. c. 334/25–323 c. 334/25–323 c. 334/25–323 c. 334/25–323 c. 334/25–323 c. 334/25–323 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 or c. 319–315 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 319–315 c. 319–315 c. 319–315 c. 319–315 c. 319–315 c. 319–315 c. 319–315 c. 319–315 Drachm. Price 2542. Drachms. Price 2550. Drachm. Price 2562. Drachm. Price 2564. Drachm. Price 2567. Drachm. Price 2582. Drachms. Price 2589. Price 2610. Drachm. Price 2617. Drachm. Price 2627. Drachm. Price 2628. No royal title; uncertain control in l. field; A under throne. Cf. Price 2632–61. Drachms. Price 2637. Drachms. No royal title; toRch in l. field; D under throne. Price 2637 var.22 Drachm. Price 2638. Price 2645. Price 2665. Price 2667. No royal title; star in l. field; C under throne; Price 2667 var.23 Price 2673. Drachm. Price 2682. Drachm. Price 2683. Drachm. Price 2685. c. 300 Price 1697.21 c. 297/6–282/1 Thompson (1963), 151; Meadows (2004), 5. See commentary above for doubt over the attribution of Price 1697 coins to Mytilene. Obverse die linked to Price pl. CXXXV, 2637c. The D may actually be a miscut A, which Thompson notes is a common occurrence (see Thompson [1983], pl. 16, 344–346). This coin is struck from Thompson (1983), obverse die 345. 23 This coin is struck from Thompson (1983), obv. die 391. 21 22 86 Seleucus I Hoard 699.* 700–701. lysimachus Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., LUSI ACoU below, Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 702.* Lysimachus type 703. seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding Nike and sceptre. 704–714. 715–725. 726–732. 733–736. chios (1) Alexander type 737.* teos (11) Alexander types 738–740. 741. 742. 743. 744. 745. 746. 747.* 748. c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 Drachm. Price 2264. Drachm. Price 2266A. Drachm. Price 2279. Drachm. Price 2280. Drachm. Price 2290. Drachm. No royal title; F in l. field;  under throne. Price 2299 var. Drachm. Price 2302. Drachm. No royal title; G above P in l. field. Price 2302 var. Drachm. Price 2307. c. 290–275 Drachm. No royal title; sPhiNx seateD left above o in l. field; H under throne. Price —. c. 282–281 c. 282–281 c. 282–281 c. 282–281 SC 3.1. SC 3.2. SC 3.3a. SC 3.3c. c. 297/6–287 Thompson (1963), 89.b. c. 301–299 foRePaRt of lioN left above D in l. field; E under throne. Cf. Thompson (1968),78; cf. Price 2690 (in name of Alex. III).25 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 Drachm. No royal title; v under throne. Price P104 var. 24 Drachm. Price P110. ‘colophon’ (118) Alexander types 749–751. 752–753. 754–758. 759. 760. 761–762. 763. 764–765. 766. 767. 768. 24 25 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 319–310 c. 319–310 c. 319–310 c. 319–310 c. 319–310 Drachm. Price 1750. Drachm. Price 1751. Drachm. Price 1759. Drachm. Price 1761. Drachm. Price 1763. Drachm. Price 1770. Drachm. Price 1774. Drachm. Price 1776 corr.; Hersh (1998b), 102. Drachm. Price 1777. Drachm. Price 1783. Drachm. Price 1789. This coin is struck from Thompson (1983), obv. die 313. This coin is struck from Thompson (1983), obv. die 410. 87 NelsoN 769–771. 772. 773–774. 775. 776–779. 780. 781–782. 783–784. 785–786. 787. 788–790. 791–793. 794. 795–798. 799–802. 803–807. 808–816. 817–825. 826–828. 829–830. 831. 832. 833. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 834–835. 836–839. 840–841. 842–843. 844–850. 851. 852–856. lysimachus Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., LUSI ACoU below (except as noted), Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 857. 858. 859–860. 861–862. 863.* 864–865. 866. ephesus (8) Alexander type 867. c. 300 Drachm. Price 1878. c. 299/8–297/6 c. 299/8–297/6 c. 299/8–297/6 c. 299/8–297/6 c. 299/8–297/6 c. 299/8–297/6 c. 297/6 Thompson (1963), 122; Price L22. Thompson (1963), 123; Price L23. Drachm. Thompson (1963), 126; Price L26. Drachm. Thompson (1963), 127; Price L27. Drachm. Royal title upward on left; lioN foRePaRt left above  in l. field; PeNtalPha under throne. Cf. Thompson (1963), 127; cf. Price L27. Drachm. Thompson (1963), 127; Price L28. Thompson (1963), 128. c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 c. 322–319 Drachm. Price P42. Drachm. Price P43. Drachm. Price P44. Drachm. Price P45. Drachm. Price P46. Drachm. Price P47. Drachm. Price P48. c. 319–310 c. 319–310 c. 319–310 c. 319–310 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 310–301 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 Drachm. Price 1792. Drachm. Price 1793. Drachm. Price 1794. Drachm. Price 1795. Drachm. Price 1797. Drachm. No royal title; uncertain control in l. field; N under throne. Cf. Price 1798–99. Drachm. Price 1800. Drachm. Price 1801. Drachm. Price 1805. Drachm. Price 1807. Drachm. Price 1808. Drachm. Price 1809. Drachm. Price 1811. Drachm. Price 1812. Drachm. Price 1813. Drachm. Price 1817. Drachm. Price 1823. Drachm. Price 1825. Drachm. Price 1827. Drachm. Price 1828. Drachm. Rev. No royal title; lioN foRePaRt above uncertain control in l. field; PeNtalPha under throne. Cf. Price 1839–1843. Drachm. Price 1840. Drachm. Price 1842. 88 Seleucus I Hoard DemetRius PolioRcetes Nike standing l. on prow, holding trumpet and stylis / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS below, Poseidon advancing l., brandishing trident. 868–870. 871. lysimachus Lysimachus type 872. 873–874. c. 294–287 c. 294–287 Drachm. Thompson (1963), 172. Drachms. Thompson (1963), 174. c. 301–295 c. 301–295 Newell (1927), 51. Newell (1927), 52. mAgnesiA Ad mAeAndrum (51) Alexander types 875. 876. 877–879. 880. 881–886. 887. 888–892. 893–896. 897. 898–900. 901. 902–903. 904. 905. 906. 907. 908–910. 911–912. 913–914. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 915–916. 916–918. 919–921. 922–923. lysimachus Lysimachus types 924. 925. miletus (55) Alexander types 926. 927–936. 937–938. c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 323–319 Drachm. Price 2088. Drachm. Price 2090. Price 2099b. c. 297/6–282/1 c. 297/6–282/1 Thompson (1963),110 Ornament on throne; Race toRch in l. field; maeaNDeR PatteRN in ex. Thompson (1968), 112 var. c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 Drachms. Price P51. Drachms. Price P52 corr.; Hersh (1998b), 108. Drachms. Price P56. Drachms. Price P57. c. 325–323 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 319–301 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 c. 301–297 Drachm. Price 1921. Drachm. Price 1936. Drachms. Price 1945. Drachm. Price 1952. Drachms. Price 1955. Drachm. Price 1959. Drachms. Price 1959A; Hersh (1998b), 42. Drachms. Price 1965. Drachm. Price 1966A; Hersh (1998b), 44. Drachms. Price 1970. Drachm. Price 1979. Drachms. Price 1980. Drachm. Price 1981. Drachm. Price 1982. Drachm. Price 1985. Drachm. Price 1991. Drachms. Price 1993. Drachms. Price 1996. Drachms. Price 2000. 89 NelsoN 939. 940–944. 945. 946.* 947–948. 949–957. 958–961. 962–970. 971–977. 978–980. mylAsA (10) Alexander types 981. 982–987. 988–990. c. 310–300 c. 310–300 c. 310–300 Drachm. Price 2477. Drachm. Price 2479 Drachm. Price 2480. c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 323–319 c. 300–295 c. 300–295 295/4 295/4 294 294 Drachm. Price 2100. Price 2120. Drachm. Price 2121. Drachm. Price 2125 var. (H under throne). Drachm. Price 2137. Price 2143. Price 2147 corr. (I not J). Drachm. Price 2148 corr. (I not J). Price 2150. Drachm. Price 2151. uncertAin Western AsiA minor (25) Alexander types 991–994. 995. 996. 997. 998.* 999. 1000–1003.* 1004.* 1005. 1006. 1007.* PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1008. c. 323–280 Drachm. Price P112. c. 323–280 c. 323–280 c. 323–280 c. 323–280 c. 323–280 c. 323–280 c. 310–290? c. 310–290? c. 310–290? c. 310–290? c. 301–295 Price 2710.26 Price 2712A. Price 2718. Drachm. Price 2752. Drachm. Price 2781.27 Drachm. Price 2796. No royal title; uPRight cluB in l. field. Price —. No royal title; acRostolioN in l. field. Price —. No royal title; kuathos (laDle) in l. field. Price —.; SNG Dreer 438 (same dies). No royal title; gRaPe BuNch in l. field. Price —.28 Price 835 (Uncertain Greece/Macedon).29 DemetRius PolioRcetes Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / DH  HTRIoU BASILEWS on l., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1009.* c. 301–295 Newell (1927), 64. The control marks on Price 2710 have a close parallel in a number of issues at Sardes (cf. Price 2645A). The style of these uncertain mint coins, however, is quite different from those at Sardes. Though not conclusive, the large quantity of Sardes coins in this hoard lends favorable evidence towards the reattribution of this issue to Sardes. 27 This coin is obverse die linked to Triton IX, lot 789 (Price 2782). 28 Price 29 (‘Amphipolis’) and 1325 (uncertain Black Sea mint) also have only a grape bunch in the left field of the reverse, but the style of this coin is significantly different from both. 29 See above, p. 75, for the reattribution of this issue to Asia Minor. 26 90 Seleucus I Hoard seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding Nike and sceptre. 1010–1015. side (?) (11) Alexander types 1016–1018. 1019. 1020–1021. 1022. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1023. 1024–1025. 1026. tArsus (32) Alexander types 1027–1028. 1029–1030. 1031. 1032–1033. 1034. 1035. 1036.* c. 333–327 c. 333–327 c. 327–323 c. 327–323 c. 323–317 c. 323–317 c. 323–317 Price 2993. Price 3000. Price 3019. Price 3023. Price 3038. Price 3048. Price 3053. c. 323–317 c. 323–317 c. 323–317 Drachm. Price P122. Drachms. Price P123. Drachm. Price P124. c. 325–320 c. 325–320 c. 325–320 c. 323–317 Price 2949. Price 2951. Price 2960. Drachm. Price 2974. c. 281 Drachms. SC Ad45. DemetRius PolioRcetes Nike standing l. on prow, holding trumpet and stylis / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS below, Poseidon advancing l., brandishing trident. 1037–1041.* 1042–1043. 1044–1056. 1057. seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding Nike and sceptre. 1058. c. 294–281 SC 10.2a. c. 298–295 c. 298–295 c. 298–295 c. 298–295 K in inner l. field; O in inner r. field. Cf. Newell (1972), 33 (stater with these controls). Drachms. Newell (1927), 42. Drachms. Newell (1927), 44. Drachm. Newell (1927), 46. uncertAin ciliciAn mint (21) Alexander types 1059–1076. 1077. c. 320–280 c. 320–280 Price 3076. Price 3080. 91 NelsoN 1078. 1079.* soli (2) Alexander types 1080–1081. pAphus (2) Alexander types 1082–1083. citium (11) Alexander types 1084. 1085–1087. 1088–1090. 1091–1094.* sAlAmis (18) Alexander types 1095. 1096–1100. 1101–1102. 1103–1104. 1105.* PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS ILI PPoU on r., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1106. c. 323–315 Price P129. c. 332–323 c. 315–306 c. 315–306 c. 306–300 c. 306–300 Price 3139. Price 3165. Price 3169A; Hersh (1998b), 73. Price 3177; Newell (1927), 3 Price 3180 corr. (S not retrograde); Thompson (1986), 118 (same obv. die). c. 325–320 c. 325–320 c. 325–320 c. 325–320 Price 3107. Price 3108. Price 3110. With royal title; Zeus, r. leg drawn back; ;in l. field; gloBule in inner r. field. Price 3110 var.; SNG Saroglos 529 corr. c. 325–317 Price 3123. c. 325/3–319/8 Price 3097 (Amathus); Hersh (1998b), 135. c. 320–280 c. 320–280 Price 3081. No royal title; 1 above DE I in l. field; HR under throne. Price —; Hersh (1998b), 70 var.30 DemetRius PolioRcetes Nike standing l. on prow, holding trumpet and stylis / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS below, Poseidon advancing l., brandishing trident. 1107–1110. 1111–1112. c. 300–295 c. 300–295 Newell (1927), 22. Newell (1927), 23. myrAndrus (or issus?) (2) Alexander types 1113. 1114. c. 325–323 c. 325–323 Price 3228. Price 3231. This coin has the same obverse die as Hersh (1998b), 70. The reverses of both are strikingly similar, and the die may have been re–engraved with the new upper monogram on the reverse before striking the hoard coin. 30 92 Seleucus I Hoard seleuceiA in pieriA (26) seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding Nike and sceptre. 1115–1117. 1118–1132. 1133–1134. 1135. 1136. 1137–1140. ArAdus (5) Alexander types 1141. 1142.* 1143. 1144–1145. byblus (28) Alexander types 1146–1156. 1157–1173. sidon (3) Alexander types 1174. 1175. 1176. tyre (22) Alexander types 1177. 1178. 1179. 1180–1182. 1183–1184.* 1185. 1186–1189. 1190. 1191.* 1192.* c. 301–286 c. 301–286 c. 301–286 c. 301–286 c. 301–286 c. 301–286 c. 301–286 c. 301–286 c. 301–286 Uncertain Price 3534 var.; Hersh (1998a), 19 Price 3538 var.; Hersh (1998a), 28 Price 3539 corr.; Hersh (1998a), 29 Price 3540; Hersh (1998a), 30 No royal title; L in l. field; M in r. field. Price 3540 var; Hersh (1998a), —.31 Price 3541; Hersh (1998a), 31 Price 3558 corr.; Hersh (1998a), 36 Price 3559 corr.; Hersh (1998a), 34 No royal title;  in l. field;  in r. field. Price —.32 No royal title; Pegasus foRePaRt above % in l. field; O under throne. Price —.33 311/0 309/8 306/5 Price 3514. Price 3521. Price 3526. c. 330–320 c. 330–320 Price 3424. Price 3426. c. 324–320 c. 324–320 c. 324–320 c. 324–320 Price 3316; Duyrat, group IV, series 4. With royal title; > in l. field;  under throne. Price 3316 var.; Duyrat (2005), group. IV, series 4 var. Price 3325; Duyrat, group. IV, series 10. Price 3332; Duyrat, group IV, series 11. c. 300–281 c. 300–281 c. 300–281 c. 300–281 c. 300–281 c. 300–281 SC 29.1a. SC 29.1b. SC 29.1c. SC 29.2. SC 29.3. SC 31. Although the reverse type with these monograms was not known to Hersh (1998a), this coin was struck from his obverse die X. 32 These monograms correspond to Hersh (1998a) monograms 24 and 35, respectively. 33 Attribution to Tyre is certain, as the coin is obverse die linked to cat. no. 1191. 31 93 NelsoN DemetRius PolioRcetes Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1193–1195. 1196–1197. 1198. Ake (34) Alexander types 1199–1200. 1201. 1202–1203. 1204–1205. 1206–1207. 1208–1209. 1210. 1211. 1212–1213. 1214–1215. 1216. 1217–1218. 1219–1220. 1221–1224. 1225–1227.* 1228. 1229–1231. 1232. dAmAscus (4) Alexander types 1233–1234. 1235. 1236. cArrhAe (?) (18) Alexander types 1237. 1238–1239. 1240–1246. 1247. 1248. seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1249. 1250. 1251 1252–1253. 1254. 34 c. 290–287 c. 290–287 c. 290–287 No royal title. Newell (1927), 27. Newell (1927), 28. Newell (1927), 31. c. 330–327 327/6 324/3 323/2 322/1 321/0 321/0 319/8 317/6 315/4 314/3 312/1 311/0 310/9 309/8 308/7 306/5 Uncertain Price 3248. No royal title; Phoenician date //o in l. field. Price 3250 var. Price 3256. Price 3260. Price 3262. Price 3265. Price 3267. Price 3272. Price 3279. Price 3283. Price 3286. Price 3291. Price 3292. Price 3293. Price 3295 corr.34 Price 3298. Price 3301. Uncertain (illegible date). c. 330–320 c. 330–320 c. 330–320 Price 3203. Price 3205. Price 3215. c. 323–317/6 c. 323–317/6 c. 310–290 c. 310–290 c. 310–290 Price 3796. Price 3803. SC 41.3a; Price 3813/4. SC 41.3c; Price 3818. SC 41.4a; Price 3822. c. 310–290 c. 310–290 c. 310–290 c. 310–290 c. 310–290 SC 42.3a. SC Ad47. SC 42.6. SC 43. SC 42.5. The arrangement of the date is incorrectly described in Price. See Newell (1916), 41. 94 Seleucus I Hoard uncertAin phoeniciAn or syriAn mint (2) Alexander types 1255. 1256. c. 323–317 c. 317–300 Price 3569. Price 3575. uncertAin mint 1, in cAppAdociA, eAstern syriA, or northern mesopotAmiA (4) seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1257. 1258–1260. c. 294–281 c. 294–281 SC 50.1. SC 50.3. uncertAin mint 2, in cAppAdociA, eAstern syriA, or northern mesopotAmiA (2) seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., SELEUKoU in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1261–1262. c. 305–281 SC 57. uncertAin mint 4, in cAppAdociA, eAstern syriA, or northern mesopotAmiA (1) seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., SELEUKoU in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1263. c. 305–281 SC 60.2. uncertAin mint 5, in cAppAdociA, eAstern syriA, or northern mesopotAmiA (1) seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., SELEUKoU in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1264. c. 300–281 SC 61. uncertAin mint 5A, in cAppAdociA, eAstern syriA, or northern mesopotAmiA (4) seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / BASILEWS on r., SELEUKoU in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1265–1266. 1267–1268. c. 282–281 c. 282–281 SC Ad50. SC Ad51. uncertAin mint 6A, in bAbyloniA (23) Alexander types 1269–1278. 1279 1280. 1281. 1282. 1283–1284. 1285–1286. 35 c. 311–305 or later c. 311–305 or later c. 311–305 or later c. 311–305 or later c. 311–305 or later c. 311–305 or later c. 311–305 or later SC 67.35 SC 67.1; Price 3434. SC 67.4c; Price —. SC 67.5a; Price 3441. SC 67.5b; Price 3438. SC 67.5c; Price 3439. SC 67.6. Sub-varieties unrecorded. 95 NelsoN PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1287–1291. c. 321–315 SC Ad39.36 similAr to uncertAin mint 6A, in bAbyloniA (1) Alexander type 1292. c. 311–305 or later Drachm. Without royal title. SC Ad57; Price —. bAbylon i, “imperiAl” Workshop (161) Alexander types 1293. 1294–1296. 1297. 1298–1299. 1300–1301. 1302. 1303–1304. 1305. 1306–1307. 1308. 1309. 1310. 1311.* 1312. 1313. 1314–1323. 1324–1325. 1326.* 1327–1332. 1333–1335. 1336. 1337–1339. 1340–1341. 1342. 1343–1345. 1346. 1347–1348. 1349–1350. 1351–1398. 1399–1400. 1401–1402. 1403. 1404. 1405. 1406–1407. 1408. 1409. 1410–1411. 1412. 36 37 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 325–323 c. 323–320 c. 323–320 c. 323–320 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 315–311 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 Price 3602. Drachm. Price 3604. Cf. Price 3611–3687 ( in l. field; other controls illegible). Price 3617. Price 3623. Price 3625. Price 3627. Price 3628. Price 3629. Price 3638. Price 3650. Price 3665. Drachm. With royal title;  in l. field; > under throne. Cf. Price 3673 (tetradrachm) Price 3680. Price 3685. Price 3692. Drachm. Price 3693. With royal title; heaD of helios faciNg above N in l. field; KU under throne. Price 3698 var. Price 3713. Price 3722. Price 3723. Price 3726. Price 3730. Price 3733. Price 3734. Price 3734 var.; Thompson (1986), 144. Price 3737. Price 3772. SC 82.37 SC 82.2b; Price 3754. SC Ad57A; Price —. SC Ad57B; Price —. SC 82.3c; Price 3759. SC 82.3e; Price 3761. SC 82.3i; Price 3765. SC 82.3l; Price 3768. SC 82.4a; Price 3751. SC Ad57C; Price —. SC 82.4b; Price 3752. Sub-varieties unrecorded. Sub-varieties unrecorded. 96 Seleucus I Hoard 1413–1418. 1419–1428. 1429. 1430–1433. 1434. 1435–1438. 1439. 1440. 1449–1444. 1445. 1446. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1447. 1448.* 1449–1450. 1451. 1452–1453. c. 323–320 c. 323–320 c. 323–320 c. 323–320 c. 323–320 Price P182. Drachm.  in l. field. Cf. Price P184 (tetradrachm). Price P186. Price P202. Price P205. c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 311–300 c. 300–294/3 c. 300–294/3 c. 300–294/3 c. 300–294/3 SC 82.5a; Price 3746. SC 82.5b; Price 3747. SC Ad57D; Price 3747 var. SC 82.6; Price 3704. SC Ad57E; Price —. SC 82.7; Price 3708. SC Ad57F; Price 3772. SC 87.1; Price 3777. SC 87.2; Price 3778. SC 87.3; Price 3779A var. (Seleuceia on the Tigris). SC 87.6; Price 3782 (Seleuceia on the Tigris). bAbylon ii, “nAtive/sAtrApAl” Workshop (58) Alexander types 1454. 1455–1477. 1478. 1479. 1480. 1481–1485. 1486–1487. 1488. 1489–1490. 1491. 1492. 1493. 1494. 1495. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1496–1510. seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1511. c. 305–281 SC C95. c. 321–315 SC Ad43.39 c. 321–315 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 311–303 c. 305–281 SC Ad44.1; Price 3336. SC C94.5–11.38 SC C94.5c. SC C94.7a. SC C94.7b SC C94.7c; Price 3347 var. (Aradus). SC C94.7d; Price 3349 (Aradus). SC C94.7e. SC C94.11b. SC C94.11c. Drachm. SC C96.4. Drachm. SC C96.8. Drachm. SC C96.9. Drachm. SC C96.12. 38 39 Quantity of each sub-variety unrecorded. Sub-varieties unrecorded. 97 NelsoN uncertAin mint 7, in bAbyloniA (5) Alexander types 1512. seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle or Nike (as indicated) and sceptre. 1513–1515. 1516. c. 311–303 c. 311–303 Zeus holds Nike. SC C119.1b. Zeus holds eagle. SC Ad75. c. 311–303 Without royal title. SC Ad72. seleuceiA on the tigris i, First Workshop (77) PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., BASILEWS in ex. ,Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1517–1522. seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle or Nike (as indicated) and sceptre. 1523. 1524–1527. 1528–1559. 1560–1563. 1564–1568. 1569. 1570. 1571–1577. 1578–1579. 1580–1582. 1583. 1584. 1585–1586. 1587–1588. 1589. 1590–1591. 1592. 1593. c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 311–308/5 c. 295/6–281 c. 295/6–281 c. 295/6–281 c. 295/6–281 c. 295/6–281 c. 295/6–281 c. 295/6–281 SC 117.1a. SC 117.1b. SC 117.1c. SC 117.1d. SC 117.2b. SC 117.3. SC 117.4a. SC 117.4b. SC 117.6a. SC 117.6b. SC 117.7b. SC 119.1a. SC 119.3b. SC 119.6a. SC 119.7. SC 119.8a. SC 119.8b. Drachm. SC 121. c. 311–308/5 SC 118; Price P229 (Uncertain Eastern mint). seleuceiA on the tigris ii, second Workshop (36) seleucus i Laureate head of Zeus r. / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Athena Promachos in elephant quadriga r., brandishing thunderbolt and shield. 1594. 1595. 1596. 1597. 1598. 1599. 1600. 1601. 1602. 1603–1604. c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 SC 130.1a. SC 130.1b. SC Ad77. SC 130.2b. SC 130.3. SC 130.5. SC 130.6. SC 130.11a. SC 130.11d. SC 130.12a. 98 Seleucus I Hoard 1605. 1606. 1607. 1608. 1609. 1610. 1611. 1612. 1613. 1614–1622. 1623–1624. c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 SC 130.15. SC 130.22a. SC Ad81. SC Ad82. SC 130.23. SC 130.24. SC Ad80 SC Ad83 Drachm. SC Ad84 Drachm. SC 131.5c Uncertain (controls off flan) Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1625. 1626. 1627. 1628. 1629. susA (26) Alexander types 1630–1631.* 1632.* 1633. 1634. 1635. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1636. seleucus i Helmeted head of hero r. / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Nike standing r. crowning trophy. 1637–1638. 1639–1640. c. 300–295 c. 300–295 SC 173.9. SC 173.16. c. 320–316 Drachm. Price P209. c. 325–320 c. 325–320 c. 311–305 c. 311–305 c. 311–305 With royal title; min l. field;  under throne. Price 3829 var. Drachm With royal title; V in l. field; N in r. field. Cf. Price 3840 (tetradrachm). SC 164.4a; Price 3866. SC 164.4b; Price 3865 Drachm. SC 166.1; Price 3867. c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 c. 296/5–281 Drachm. SC C140.2 Drachm. SC C140.4 Drachm. SC C140.5 Drachm. SC C140.9 Drachm. SC C140.10 Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1641–1643. 1644–1648. 1649. 1650. c. 295/4–291 c. 295/4–291 c. 295/4–291 c. 295/4–291 SC 165.1a. SC 165.1b. SC 165.2. SC 165.3a. Laureate head of Zeus r. / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Athena Promachos r., in elephant quadriga or biga (as noted), brandishing thunderbolt and shield. 1651. 1652. 1653. 1654. 1655. c. 295–281 c. 295–281 c. 295–281 c. 295–281 c. 295–281 SC 177.1b. SC 177.2. SC 177.3. SC Ad89. Biga. SC Ad90. 99 NelsoN ecbAtAnA (13) Alexander types 1656–1658. 1659. 1660–1661. 1662. 1663. 1664. PhiliP iii Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / ILI PPoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1665.* seleucus i Head of young Heracles r., wearing lion skin headdress / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Zeus seated l. on throne, holding eagle and sceptre. 1666. 1667. 1668. c. 294–281 c. 294–281 c. 294–281 SC 204.1a. SC 204.3. SC 204.8a. c. 323–317 Drachm. Price P222.41 c. 311–295 c. 311–295 c. 311–295 c. 311–295 c. 311–295 c. 294–281 SC 202.40 SC 202.5b; Price 3910. SC 202.6; Price 3914. SC 202.11b; Price 3931. SC 202.11d; Price 3941. Drachm. SC 208.4; Price 3920. memphis or AlexAndreiA (3)42 Alexander types 1669–1670. 1671. c. 323/2-317/1 c. 323/2-317/1 Price 3971. Price 3974. uncertAin eAstern mint (3) Alexander types 1672–1673.* 1674.* c. 325–300 c. 325–300 Price 4006. Drachm. Price 4006A. uncertAin mints (30) Alexander types 1675–1676.* 1677.* 1678.* 1679–1680.* 1681.* 1682–1683. 1684.* 1685. 1686.* c. 323–300 c. 310–280 Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Price 4031. Price 4066. Price —; Thompson (1986), 154 (same dies). Price —; Thompson (1986), 159. No royal title; K in l. field. Price —. No royal title; wReath in l. field; DI under throne. Price —. No royal title; lyRe in l. field; F under throne. Price —. With royal title; @in l. field;  under throne. Price —. No royal title; aRtemis PhosPhoRus staNDiNg Right(?) in l. field; q under throne. Price —. Sub-varieties unrecorded. Attribution to Ecbatana is tentative. See Price, p. 490. 42 It is still questionable as to whether these early coins are from Memphis or Alexandria. Likewise, the dates of issue are uncertain, and I have adopted a broad range, including the possibility of the low chronology of Lorber (2005) and the high chronology of Zervos (1974). Interestingly, Price did not use Zervos’ dissertation, leaving out many issues not identified in Zervos’ 1967 ANSMN article, but adopted Zervos’ new chronology that superseded his earlier scheme of annual issues. 40 41 100 Seleucus I Hoard 1687. 1688.* 1689.* 1690.* 1691.* 1692.* 1693.* 1694.* 1695.* Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain No royal title; [ in l. field; AU under throne. Price — (but cf. P238). With royal title;(in l. field. Price —. Drachm. Price —; Prokesch-Osten (1869), 382. Drachm. Price —; Thompson (1981), 36. Drachm. Price —; Thompson (1986), 620–1 (same obverse die) Drachm. No royal title; maceDoNiaN shielD above uncertain control mark in l. field. Price —; Thompson (1986), 594–5 var. Drachm. No royal title; RouND shielD (?) in l. field. Price —. Drachm. No royal title; W in l. field. Price —. Drachm. No royal title; F in l. field. Price —. DemetRius PolioRcetes Diademed and horned head of Demetrius r. / DH  HTRIoU on r., BASILEWS on l., Poseidon standing l., one foot on rock, holding trident. 1696. 1697. c. 290/89–287 c. 290/89–287 Newell (1927), 160. Newell (1927), 161. bArbArous issues (10) Alexander types 1698.* 1699–1700.* 1701.* 1702.* 1703.* 1704.* 1705.* seleucus i Laureate head of Zeus r. / SELEUKoU on r., BASILEWS in ex., Athena Promachos in elephant quadriga r., brandishing thunderbolt and shield. 1706.* 1707.* Illegible (8) Alexander types 1708–1715. Uncertain. Drachms. c. 295–301 (?) c. 295–301 (?) cASILEWS on right, SEAEUKo[U] in ex.; no control marks visible. No controls visible. Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain Uncertain c. 323/2-317/1 Uncertain Price F67.43 No royal title; caDuceus in l. field. No royal title; tRiPoD in l. field. Drachm. No royal title;  in l. field. Cf. Price 3109 (for prototype, but with royal title). Drachm. No royal title;  in l. field. No royal title; Rose in l. field: ID under throne. Price 3970–1 var. Drachm. Uncertain control in l. field. civic types boeotiAn leAgue (1) Laureate head of Poseidon r. / Poseidon holding dolphin and trident, seated l. on throne decorated with a Boeotian shield. 1716. c. 287 BCD Boiotia 81. Price F67 is a coin in the BM that Price lists as a modern fake. The reason for this determination is uncertain. The hoard coin, from the same dies, certainly appeared to have consistent characteristics with the rest of the hoard, and there were no indications it was cast or otherwise a modern forgery. The fact that the coin’s obverse copies the style of Babylon mint, while the reverse copies that of ‘Amphipolis’ (cf. Price 481), may have led Price to suspect it as a modern fake rather than a contemporary forgery. The hoard coin does not appear to be an intrusion and may be a barbarous imitation. 43 101 NelsoN Athens (5) Head of Athena r., wearing crested Attic helmet decorated with palmette and olive leaves or quadridigité ornament (as indicated) / AQE, owl standing right, head facing; olive spray and crescent behind; all in incuse square. 1717. 1718–1719. 1720–1721. c. 460–404 c. 286–280 Uncertain Kroll (1993), 8. Quadridigité ornament. Kroll (1993), 22. Uncertain varieties. 102 Seleucus I Hoard Bibliography Ashton (2004) BCD Boiotia Davesne and Le Rider (1989) Duyrat (2005) Grainger (1990) Hammond and Walbank (1988) Hersh (1998a) Hersh (1998b) Ashton, R. “Kaunos, not Miletos or Mylasa.” NC 164 (2004): 33–46. Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. The BCD Collection of the Coinage of Boiotia. Triton IX. Catalogue of public auction. 10 January 2006. Davesne, A. and G. Le Rider. Le Trésor de Meydancikkale. Gülnar II. Paris, 1989. Duyrat, F. Arados hellénistique : Étude historique et monétaire. Beirut, 2005. Grainger, J. D. Seleukos Nikator: Constructing a Hellenistic Kingdom. London, 1990. Hammond, N. G. L. and F. W. Walbank, A History of Macedonia, Volume III, 336–167 B.C. Oxford, 1988. Hersh (1998a), C. “Tyrus Rediviva reconsidered.” AJN 10 (1998): 41–59. Hersh (1998a), C. “Additions and corrections to Martin J. Price’s ‘The Coinage in the name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus’.” In: R. Ashton and S. Hurter (eds.). Studies in Greek Numismatics in Memory of Martin Jessop Price. London, 1998. Pp. 135–144. Hersh and Troxell (1995) Hersh, C. and H. Troxell. “A 1993 hoard of Alexander drachms from the Near East.” AJN 5–6 (1995): 13–42. Kroll (1993) Le Rider (1998) Le Rider (2003) Lorber (2005) Meadows (2004) Mørkholm (1991) Mouchmov (1927) Newell (1916) Newell (1927) Noe (1950) Price Prokesch-Osten (1869) SNG Dreer SC SNG France SNG Saroglos Thompson (1963) Thompson (1981) Kroll, J. H. The Athenian Agora XXVI: The Greek Coins. Princeton, 1993. Le Rider, G. “Alexander in Asia Minor.” Coins of Macedonia and Rome: Essays in honour of Charles Hersh (1998a). London, 1998. Pp, 49–57. Le Rider, G. Alexandre le Grand, finances et politique. Paris, 2003. Lorber, C. “A revised chronology for the coinage of Ptolemy I.” NC 165 (2005): 45–64. Meadows, A. “The earliest coinage of Alexandreia Troas.” NC 164 (2004): 47–70. Mørkholm, O. Early Hellenistic Coinage. Cambridge, 1991. Mouchmov, N. A. Les monnaies des rois thraces. Sofia, 1927. Newell, E. T. The Dated Alexander Coinage of Sidon and Ake. New Haven, 1916. Newell, E. T. The Coinages of Demetrius Poliorcetes. London, 1927. Noe, S. The Alexander Coinage of Sicyon. ANSNS 6. New York, 1950. Price, M. J. The Coinage in the Name of Alexander the Great and Philip Arrhidaeus. London, 1991. von Prokesch-Osten, A. “List des Alexandres de ma collection qui ne se trouvent pas dans le Catalogue de Mr. L. Müller.” NZ 1 (1869 [1870]): 31–64. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. Sammlung Dreer, Klagenfurt im Landesmuseum für Kärnten. III. Teil, Thracien-Macedonien-Päonien. Klagenfurt, 1990. Houghton, A., C. Lorber, and O. Hoover. Seleucid Coins. A Comprehensive Catalogue. 2 Parts. New York/Lancaster, PA, 2002–2008. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. France. 5, Départment des monnaies, médailles et antiques: Mysie. Paris/Zürich, 2001. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. Greece. 4, Numismatic Museum, Athens, the Petros Z. Saroglos Collection.Volume I, Macedonia. Athens, 2005. Thompson, M. “The mints of Lysimachus.” In: C. M. Kraay and G. K. Jenkins (eds.). Essays in Greek Coinage Presented to Stanley Robinson Oxford, 1968. Pp. 163–182. Thompson, M. “The Cavalla Hoard (IGCH 450).” ANSMN 26 (1981): 33–49. 103 NelsoN Thompson (1983) Thompson (1986) Thompson (1991) Troxell (1971) Troxell (1997) Zervos (1974) Thompson, M. Alexander's Drachm Mints, I. Sardes and Miletus. ANSNS 16. New York, 1983. Thompson, M. “The Armenak Hoard (IGCH 1423).” ANSMN 31 (1986): 63–106. Thompson, M. Alexander's Drachm Mints, II. Lampsacus and Abydus. ANSNS 19. (New York, 1991. Troxell, H. A. “The Peloponnesian Alexanders.” ANSMN 17 (1971): 41–94. Troxell, H. A. Studies in the Macedonian Coinage of Alexander the Great. ANSNS 21. New York, 1997. Zervos, O. The Alexander Mint of Egypt. Ph.D. diss., New York University, 1974. 104